Which statement about a hemolytic transfusion reaction is true?

• A. It is a life-threatening emergency
• B. It is a minor inconvenience
• C. It only causes itching
• D. It is prevented by giving antibiotics

Answer: (A)

Hemolytic transfusion reaction is an immune-mediated destruction of donor red blood cells that can unfold rapidly into shock and organ injury, making it a life-threatening emergency. Incompatible ABO transfusions trigger complement activation and intravascular hemolysis, leading to fever, chills, flank pain, hemoglobinuria, tachycardia, hypotension, and potential kidney injury or DIC if not halted quickly. Because of this danger, the transfusion must be stopped at the first sign of a suspected reaction, and the patient receives fluids, supportive care, and close monitoring while labs confirm hemolysis. Describing it as a minor inconvenience is not accurate, and it does not cause only itching. Antibiotics do not prevent or treat a hemolytic transfusion reaction; prevention relies on correct blood typing, crossmatching, and vigilant monitoring during transfusion.