What is a key nursing intervention to prevent IV infiltration?

• A. Elevate the limb and apply heat.
• B. Regularly assess the IV site, secure the catheter, and use aseptic technique for dressings and changes.
• C. Increase IV flow rate to prevent infiltration.
• D. Delay dressing changes to reduce manipulation.

Answer: (B)

Preventing IV infiltration hinges on vigilant, ongoing site care and catheter security. Regularly assessing the IV site allows you to detect early signs of infiltration, such as swelling, cool or taut skin, pallor, or discomfort, before the problem worsens. Securing the catheter minimizes movement that can cause tissue trauma or catheter micro-movements, which are common precursors to infiltration. Using aseptic technique for dressing changes and catheter care protects the site from infection and helps maintain catheter integrity, reducing the risk of dislodgement or compromise of the IV line.

Elevating the limb is typically used after infiltration has occurred to reduce swelling, not as a preventive measure. Applying heat is more relevant to certain management scenarios rather than prevention. Increasing the IV flow rate does not prevent infiltration and can worsen the situation if infiltration is already occurring. Delaying dressing changes can increase infection risk and hide early infiltration signs. So, regular site assessment, securement of the catheter, and aseptic dressing changes best prevent IV infiltration.