If an allergic reaction progresses without treatment, what could occur?

• A. Nausea.
• B. Angioedema or anaphylaxis.
• C. Hypertension.
• D. Dizziness.

Answer: (B)

Allergic reactions can escalate quickly when mediators like histamine are released in larger amounts. This progression can cause swelling in the skin and mucous membranes, especially around the lips, tongue, and airway (angioedema), which can block breathing. In more systemic cases, widespread vasodilation and increased vascular permeability lead to drop in blood pressure and shock, along with bronchoconstriction that makes breathing extremely difficult. This combination is what we call anaphylaxis. So, if an allergic reaction progresses without treatment, airway obstruction and potential shock are the dangerous outcomes, hence angioedema or anaphylaxis is the most correct description.

Nausea, dizziness, or even transient discomfort can occur with allergic reactions, but they don’t capture the life-threatening progression as clearly as angioedema and anaphylaxis. Hypertension is not typical in this scenario; hypotension is more common with severe reactions. Immediate treatment, including epinephrine and emergency care, is essential when such progression is suspected.