How should a nurse respond to a suspected anaphylactic reaction?

• A. Elevate legs
• B. Wait to see if symptoms resolve
• C. Administer antihistamines only
• D. Administer epinephrine promptly, call for help, secure the airway, and start fluids

Answer: (D)

Immediate recognition and treatment of suspected anaphylaxis is essential because the reaction can progress rapidly to airway compromise and shock. The first and most important action is to administer epinephrine promptly; it reverses airway edema, reduces bronchospasm, and improves blood pressure by vasoconstriction. After giving epinephrine, call for help and activate emergency protocols, ensure the airway is secured, and start IV fluids to support circulation. Additional supportive steps include providing oxygen and preparing for possible advanced airway management if swelling or breathing worsens. Lying with legs elevated does not address the underlying airway and circulatory collapse, and waiting to see if symptoms resolve is dangerous. Antihistamines alone do not reverse airway obstruction or shock and should not replace timely epinephrine.