How is intake and output tracked during a shift?

• A. Record only IV intake
• B. Record all oral and IV intake and outputs; calculate net balance and report significant changes
• C. Estimate intake at the end of shift
• D. Track only urine output

Answer: (B)

Tracking intake and output focuses on maintaining an accurate fluid balance for the patient. This means documenting every source of fluids the patient consumes or receives—oral fluids, IV fluids, and any other liquid medications or nutrition—and every way fluids leave the body—urine, vomiting, diarrhea, wound drainage, suctioned fluids, drains. From these records you calculate the net balance for the shift (total intake minus total output) and note any significant changes or trends to report to the team. This comprehensive approach is essential because it provides the full picture of hydration status, guides fluid and electrolyte management, and helps detect problems early, such as dehydration, fluid overload, or impaired renal function. Recording only IV intake, or only urine output, or estimating intake at the end of the shift can miss important information and lead to delayed or inappropriate decisions.